Present-Participle Clauses — Replacing Finite Clauses (C1)

While she waited for the bus → for the bus, she checked her emails. (wait)

As he walked through the park → through the park, he met an old friend. (walk)

Because they felt tired → tired, the hikers stopped to rest. (feel)

When I opened the door → the door, I found a parcel on the step. (open)

Because she did not know the way → the way, she asked a passer-by. (not / know)

While the company expanded into Asia → into Asia, the company opened three new offices. (expand)

As the audience listened intently → intently, the audience barely moved. (listen)

Because everyone hoped for good news → for good news, everyone gathered around the radio. (hope)

Because my colleague did not want to interrupt → to interrupt, my colleague waited outside. (not / want)

When they travelled abroad → abroad, they always kept their documents close. (travel)

As the negotiations dragged on for hours → on for hours, the negotiations exhausted both sides. (drag)

While anyone studied the manual → the manual, anyone could complete the setup. (study)

Because the driver did not realise the road was closed → the road was closed, the driver took the usual route. (not / realise)

As the share price rose steadily → steadily, the share price reached a record high. (rise)

Because the witness lied under oath → under oath, the witness faced a perjury charge. (lie)