400 high-frequency business English words organised by workplace topic — finance, HR, travel, marketing, legal, and more. Covers the core vocabulary tested across all TOEIC Listening and Reading parts.
The TOEIC (Test of English for International Communication) measures your ability to use English in real workplace situations. Unlike academic English, TOEIC vocabulary is built around professional scenarios — office conversations, business emails, announcements, reports, and phone calls.
TOEIC does not test highly technical or industry-specific jargon. Instead, it focuses on universal workplace communication: scheduling meetings, discussing budgets, dealing with customers, booking travel, and understanding HR policies.
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Select a business topic to browse its vocabulary, related word forms, and example sentences from real workplace contexts.
Finance & Business — 50 words. Accounting, banking, investment, and financial reporting vocabulary. Appears in TOEIC Parts 6 and 7 business documents.
A plan that shows how much money you can spend over a period
The marketing department exceeded its budget by fifteen percent in the third quarter.
Income that a business or government receives from regular activities
Annual revenue increased by twenty-two percent following the successful product launch.
A document listing goods or services provided and the amount owed
Please invoice the client for all hours worked before the end of the month.
The act of spending money, or the amount spent on something
Capital expenditure on new equipment was approved at the recent board meeting.
Happening, produced, or appearing once every three months
The quarterly financial report will be presented to shareholders on Friday.
Pay back money to someone who has spent it on your behalf
Employees will be reimbursed for travel expenses within 30 days of submission.
Predict future events, especially financial results, based on current information
The sales forecast for next year projects a 10% increase in domestic markets.
The amount by which something, especially money, is less than what is needed
The company reported a deficit of $2.3 million in its year-end accounts.
Connected with government taxes, public money, or financial matters in general
The fiscal year ends on the 31st of December for most European subsidiaries.
An official inspection of an organization's accounts to verify they are accurate
An external firm will conduct the annual audit of our financial records next month.
Something valuable that a person, company, or organization owns or controls
The building is considered a valuable long-term asset on the company balance sheet.
Property or assets pledged as security for a loan and forfeited if repayment fails
The company pledged its factory building as collateral for the loan.
A share of company profits paid regularly to shareholders, usually each quarter
Shareholders will receive a dividend of $0.45 per share this quarter.
Money gained from business activity after costs have been subtracted from income
Net profit rose by 8% despite challenging market conditions this year.
An amount of money that a business spends beyond what it earns during a period
The division reported a loss of 1.2 million euros in the first half.
Money put into a business or project with the aim of making a profit
Our long-term investment in renewable energy has started to generate returns.
Money and assets used to start a business or expand an existing one
The firm raised additional capital to finance its planned expansion into Asia.
Provide money for a project, purchase, or organization, often through loans
The bank agreed to finance the construction of the new headquarters building.
The work of keeping detailed financial records and preparing reports for a business
Our accounting department closes the books on the last working day of the month.
An amount of money that a person or company has in a bank account
The current account balance stands at just over eighty thousand dollars.
A business deal involving the exchange of money, goods, or services
Every transaction above $10,000 must be approved by a senior manager.
A long-term bank loan used to buy property, repaid with interest over many years
The couple took out a thirty-year mortgage to purchase their first home.
A sum of money borrowed from a bank that must be repaid with interest
The business secured a short-term loan to cover its cash-flow shortfall.
Extra money paid for the use of borrowed funds or earned on money saved
The interest rate on the new savings account is fixed at 4.2% annually.
The system of money used in a particular country, such as dollars or euros
Foreign currency fluctuations significantly affected our export revenue last year.
Trade one thing for another, especially money of different countries
The current exchange rate between the euro and the yen is highly favorable.
Place money in a bank account for safekeeping or to earn interest
Please deposit the cheque at any branch of the bank before closing time.
Take money out of a bank account, usually with a card or in person
Customers may withdraw up to $1,000 per day using the ATM card.
Move money from one bank account to another, often done electronically
The funds will transfer to your account within three business days.
A printed record listing all transactions on a bank account during a period
Monthly account statements are now delivered electronically to all customers.
Money paid to the government based on income, profit, sales, or property
The new tax regulations will take effect at the start of the financial year.
A general rise in prices over time that reduces what each unit of money buys
Rising inflation has reduced the purchasing power of household incomes this year.
A period when the economy shrinks and many businesses lose money or close
Analysts predict the economy may enter a mild recession by mid-next year.
A share in the ownership of a company that is traded on a financial market
Technology stocks rose sharply following the positive earnings announcement on Tuesday.
One of the equal parts that the ownership of a company is divided into
The company plans to issue 500,000 new shares to raise investment capital.
A type of loan to a government or company that pays fixed interest over time
Government bonds are generally considered low-risk, long-term investment instruments.
The value of shares in a company, or the value of property after debts are paid
The venture capital firm acquired a 25% equity stake in the start-up.
A collection of investments held by a person or organization to spread risk
Diversifying your investment portfolio reduces exposure to single-market downturns.
The difference between the cost of something and the price it is sold for
The company operates on a narrow profit margin in the retail segment.
The total amount of money a business receives from sales during a period
Annual turnover exceeded one billion dollars for the first time in company history.
Regular costs of running a business such as rent, electricity, or salaries
Reducing office overheads will be a priority in next year's cost-cutting plan.
Lose value over time, especially because of age or general wear
Company vehicles depreciate at a rate of approximately 15% per year.
Set aside or assign money, time, or resources for a particular purpose
The board has agreed to allocate additional funds to research and development.
A sum of money saved or set aside for a particular purpose or organization
The project will be funded through a combination of grants and internal reserves.
Money paid by a government to help an industry or service keep prices low
A new government subsidy has kept the agricultural sector profitable despite falling prices.
Money that is owed by one person, company, or country to another
The company has reduced its long-term debt by 40% over three years.
An arrangement that allows you to buy something now and pay for it later
The supplier extended additional credit to help us manage seasonal cash flow.
A financial report showing what a company owns and owes at a particular date
The company's balance sheet shows strong liquidity and manageable debt levels.
An official report showing the financial performance and position of a company
Please include the latest financial statement with your loan application.
The amount of money or assets that can be quickly turned into cash
Maintaining sufficient liquidity is essential for meeting short-term payment obligations.
Showing 50 of 50 Finance words. Full exercises available below.
Score reference
Where do these 400 words fit in the TOEIC score scale?
Elementary. Basic workplace vocabulary — greetings, simple requests, numbers.
This word list. Business discussions, reports, emails, and workplace scenarios.
Upper-intermediate. Nuanced business language, complex negotiations.
Advanced fluency. Near-native comprehension of natural business speech.
Frequently asked questions