Your taskFill in the gap in each sentence with the correct word or phrase.savebarringfailingabsencebutshortexceptionapartasidebarexcludingminusLeavingdiscountingAbsent0 / 15 answeredYour score0 / 150%Keep practising! Focus on the explanations below.1The proposal received unanimous approval at last week's board meeting, for one abstention from the newest committee member. (one word)Correct answer: save▸ Why?"Save for X" is the formal/literary equivalent of "except for X" — introducing the sole exception to a generalisation that already includes "unanimous". The colloquial "but for X" would shift the sense to counterfactual ("if there had not been an abstention, the proposal would have…") — wrong here, since the abstention DID occur.2All flights to the eastern provinces will resume by Monday morning, further deterioration in the weather system currently sitting over the Atlantic. (one word — present participle)Correct answer: barring▸ Why?"Barring X" = "unless X happens" — a complex preposition introducing a single CONTINGENT future exception that would prevent the stated outcome. "Excepting" carries a closer "leaving out" sense (existing things omitted); "failing" focuses on X NOT occurring as a fallback trigger, the opposite contingency.3The committee will reconvene on the thirtieth of this month to ratify the appointment in person; that, a postal vote will be conducted before the end of the month. (one word — present participle)Correct answer: failing▸ Why?"Failing that" = "if that does not happen / cannot be done" — a formal complex preposition introducing a FALLBACK plan. "Barring that" would mean "except if that happens" (the opposite contingency); "lacking that" is non-standard; "without that" loses the explicit fallback sense.4In the of any documentary evidence to the contrary, the tribunal must give substantial weight to the witness's sworn testimony at the original hearing. (one word)Correct answer: absence▸ Why?"In the absence of X" = "because X is missing or unavailable" — a complex preposition introducing a defining NEGATIVE condition that justifies the main clause's conclusion. "Lack" is grammatically possible ("in the lack of") but is not the idiomatic collocation in this legal/evidential context; "without" loses the analytical/diagnostic register.5 for the timely intervention of the duty officer, the misfiled documents would have been incinerated along with the rest of the day's paper waste. (one word)Correct answer: but▸ Why?"But for X" is a COUNTERFACTUAL complex preposition meaning "if it had not been for X" — projecting an unrealised alternative outcome. The conditional "would have been incinerated" is the structural cue: "save for" would mean "except for" (a real exception), losing the hypothetical force; "without" works semantically but loses the formal counterfactual register.6 of an outright admission of guilt from the defendant, no further confession is realistically obtainable through standard police interview. (one word)Correct answer: short▸ Why?"Short of X" = "stopping just before X" / "without going as far as X" — introduces the MAXIMUM extent achievable, ruling out anything beyond. "Save" would frame X as a routine exception rather than a gradient ceiling; "barring" means "unless X happens", reversing the contingency.7All members of the editorial board attended Wednesday's emergency meeting, with the of Professor Hammond, who was lecturing abroad. (one word)Correct answer: exception▸ Why?"With the exception of X" is the canonical FORMAL way to single out one excluded item from an otherwise comprehensive set. "Exclusion" works grammatically but is markedly less idiomatic in this formula; "omission" suggests something forgotten or left out unintentionally, not a duly noted absence.8 from a single passing reference in the appendix, the report makes no mention whatever of the supply-chain risks identified by the steering group last quarter. (one word)Correct answer: apart▸ Why?"Apart from X" and "aside from X" both introduce an exception in formal-neutral register and are largely interchangeable (BrE leans "apart from"; AmE accepts both). "Save" would be possible but markedly literary; "but" needs "for" before the complement.9The new safety regulations apply to all road-going vehicles, from those operating exclusively on private estates, military land or designated industrial sites. (one word)Correct answer: aside▸ Why?"Aside from X" and "apart from X" are interchangeable exception prepositions ("aside" being the more AmE-leaning of the pair). "Except" works semantically but typically takes "for" before a complement ("except for those operating…"); "save" would shift the register to noticeably literary.10Every council in the region has now signed up to the new framework, two in the far north that are still consulting local stakeholders. (one word — three letters)Correct answer: bar▸ Why?"Bar X" is a TERSE, formal-register exception preposition meaning "except X" — common in journalism, committee minutes and parliamentary reporting. Note: distinct from "barring", which means "unless X happens" (future contingency, not present exception). "Save" would be slightly more literary; "except" the standard register-neutral alternative.11The total renovation budget is set at three million pounds, VAT and any contingency reserve, both of which will be itemised separately in the appendix. (one word — present participle)Correct answer: excluding▸ Why?"Excluding X" = "not counting X" — the precise term for clarifying what is left OUT of a calculated or stated total. Standard in accounting, procurement and statistical writing. "Apart from" works but is less precise for numerical contexts; "save" is too literary; "minus" is colloquial-arithmetical rather than formal-administrative.12The orchestra turned up at the venue their principal violinist, who had been delayed by a cancelled connecting flight from Berlin. (one word — five letters)Correct answer: minus▸ Why?"Minus X" = "without X" — a colloquial-formal preposition introducing the ABSENT element from an otherwise complete group. Carries the distinctive "missing-one-key-piece" idiomatic edge that plain "without" lacks. "Less" works as an arithmetical alternative ("less their violinist") but is rarer in narrative; "lacking" emphasises deficiency rather than absence.13 aside questions of cost and political feasibility for the moment, the technical case for replacing the existing system is overwhelming. (one word)Correct answer: Leaving▸ Why?"Leaving X aside" and "setting X aside" are participial complex-prepositional structures that ANALYTICALLY BRACKET an issue from current consideration — common in academic and policy discussion. "Putting aside" is grammatically possible but suggests deferral; "dropping" or "ignoring" would imply the issue is being dismissed altogether rather than temporarily bracketed.14Even the three obvious outliers in the 2018 sample, the data still show a clear upward trend in residential energy consumption over the seven-year study period. (one word — present participle)Correct answer: discounting▸ Why?"Discounting X" = "leaving X out of consideration as inadmissible" — a formal academic preposition for ANALYTICAL EXCLUSION on methodological grounds. "Excluding" works but lacks the "judging-not-to-count" reasoned-rejection nuance; "barring" means "unless X happens" (contingency); "dismissing" is interpersonal rather than methodological.15 a clear constitutional amendment authorising such a step, the court has no jurisdiction to override the will of the directly elected legislature on this question. (one word — six letters)Correct answer: Absent▸ Why?"Absent X" = "in the absence of X" — a highly formal preposition common in legal and academic writing (particularly American legal style) that compresses the longer "in the absence of" into a single word. "Without" would work but loses the analytical/legal precision; "lacking" emphasises deficiency; "barring" means "unless X happens", which is a different contingency.Check AnswersPlease answer at least one question first.Found an error in this exercise? Let us know.