Modal Perfect: Would Have (Third Conditional) (C1)

Your task

Fill in the gap in each sentence with the correct word or phrase.

0 / 15 answered

Your score

0 / 150%

Keep practising! Focus on the explanations below.

If I'd known about the rain, I an umbrella with me. (bring)

Correct answer: would have brought

"If I'd known" (past perfect) sets up an unreal past condition, so the main clause needs "would have + past participle" → "would have brought". The contraction "'d have brought" attaches to "I".

If they'd asked sooner, we them with the report easily. (help)

Correct answer: would have helped

Unreal past condition "if they'd asked" → "would have helped" in the main clause. "Would've" and "'d have" are accepted spoken-style contractions.

If you'd called first, you a wasted journey across the city. (not make)

Correct answer: wouldn't have made

Negative counterfactual outcome → "wouldn't have made". The full form "would not have made" is also acceptable.

We a deposit straight away if we'd realised prices were about to rise. (pay)

Correct answer: would have paid

The main clause comes first, but the past-perfect condition still triggers "would have + past participle" → "would have paid".

If the train hadn't been cancelled, I at the meeting on time. (be)

Correct answer: would have been

Unreal past condition + counterfactual past outcome → "would have been". Contractions "'d have been" and "would've been" are also accepted.

I you sooner if I'd had your new number to hand. (call)

Correct answer: would have called

Main clause before the "if"-clause, but the structure is still third conditional → "would have called".

They the title if their goalkeeper hadn't been injured in the semi-final. (win)

Correct answer: would have won

A counterfactual past outcome explained by an unreal "if"-clause → "would have won".

If he'd applied straight after graduating, he the job easily. (get)

Correct answer: would have got

A clear unreal past condition with a confident counterfactual outcome → "would have got" (or "gotten" in US English, but UK-style answer is the model here).

We very differently if we'd known then what we know now. (decide)

Correct answer: would have decided

Hindsight scenario built on an unreal past condition → "would have decided".

If the weather had cooperated, the picnic absolutely perfect. (be)

Correct answer: would have been

An unreal past condition triggers "would have been" in the main clause; we're describing what the picnic could have been like.

If we'd had a little more time, we the deadline without rushing. (meet)

Correct answer: would have met

Unreal past "if"-clause → "would have met" in the main clause.

If she'd remembered her passport, she the early flight to Madrid. (not miss)

Correct answer: wouldn't have missed

Unreal past condition + negative counterfactual outcome → "wouldn't have missed". The full form "would not have missed" is also fine.

If the office door had been locked properly, the laptop . (not steal)

Correct answer: wouldn't have been stolen

Passive third conditional → "wouldn't have been stolen". The full form "would not have been stolen" is also acceptable.

I exactly what to do if you'd given me clearer instructions from the start. (know)

Correct answer: would have known

Counterfactual past knowledge depending on a different past instruction → "would have known".

If you'd shown me the photo earlier, I him at the station immediately. (recognise)

Correct answer: would have recognised

Unreal past condition produces a counterfactual past outcome → "would have recognised". "Recognized" (US) is also accepted.

Please answer at least one question first.

Found an error in this exercise? Let us know.

Your task

Fill in the gap in each sentence with the correct word or phrase.

0 / 15 answered

Your score

0 / 150%

Keep practising! Focus on the explanations below.

If I'd known about the rain, I an umbrella with me. (bring)

Correct answer: would have brought

"If I'd known" (past perfect) sets up an unreal past condition, so the main clause needs "would have + past participle" → "would have brought". The contraction "'d have brought" attaches to "I".

If they'd asked sooner, we them with the report easily. (help)

Correct answer: would have helped

Unreal past condition "if they'd asked" → "would have helped" in the main clause. "Would've" and "'d have" are accepted spoken-style contractions.

If you'd called first, you a wasted journey across the city. (not make)

Correct answer: wouldn't have made

Negative counterfactual outcome → "wouldn't have made". The full form "would not have made" is also acceptable.

We a deposit straight away if we'd realised prices were about to rise. (pay)

Correct answer: would have paid

The main clause comes first, but the past-perfect condition still triggers "would have + past participle" → "would have paid".

If the train hadn't been cancelled, I at the meeting on time. (be)

Correct answer: would have been

Unreal past condition + counterfactual past outcome → "would have been". Contractions "'d have been" and "would've been" are also accepted.

I you sooner if I'd had your new number to hand. (call)

Correct answer: would have called

Main clause before the "if"-clause, but the structure is still third conditional → "would have called".

They the title if their goalkeeper hadn't been injured in the semi-final. (win)

Correct answer: would have won

A counterfactual past outcome explained by an unreal "if"-clause → "would have won".

If he'd applied straight after graduating, he the job easily. (get)

Correct answer: would have got

A clear unreal past condition with a confident counterfactual outcome → "would have got" (or "gotten" in US English, but UK-style answer is the model here).

We very differently if we'd known then what we know now. (decide)

Correct answer: would have decided

Hindsight scenario built on an unreal past condition → "would have decided".

If the weather had cooperated, the picnic absolutely perfect. (be)

Correct answer: would have been

An unreal past condition triggers "would have been" in the main clause; we're describing what the picnic could have been like.

If we'd had a little more time, we the deadline without rushing. (meet)

Correct answer: would have met

Unreal past "if"-clause → "would have met" in the main clause.

If she'd remembered her passport, she the early flight to Madrid. (not miss)

Correct answer: wouldn't have missed

Unreal past condition + negative counterfactual outcome → "wouldn't have missed". The full form "would not have missed" is also fine.

If the office door had been locked properly, the laptop . (not steal)

Correct answer: wouldn't have been stolen

Passive third conditional → "wouldn't have been stolen". The full form "would not have been stolen" is also acceptable.

I exactly what to do if you'd given me clearer instructions from the start. (know)

Correct answer: would have known

Counterfactual past knowledge depending on a different past instruction → "would have known".

If you'd shown me the photo earlier, I him at the station immediately. (recognise)

Correct answer: would have recognised

Unreal past condition produces a counterfactual past outcome → "would have recognised". "Recognized" (US) is also accepted.

Please answer at least one question first.

Found an error in this exercise? Let us know.