AWL Sublist 3 — Analysis & Research Terms

Recognise someone or something, or establish what they are or who they are

The authors identify three key barriers to educational attainment in the region.

An official request for someone to do a piece of work, often a report or artwork

An independent inquiry was commissioned to review the evidence in the case.

Show or prove that something is reasonable, necessary, or morally right

The authors justify their methodology with reference to established protocols.

A class or division of things, people, or activities that share particular features

Each participant was placed in a category based on prior academic experience.

Different from the one mentioned, available as another choice

The authors propose an alternative theoretical model that better accounts for the observed variance.

A condition or fact connected with an event, action, or situation

Under normal circumstances, the intervention would be delivered over six weeks rather than three.

A spoken or written remark expressing an opinion or reaction

The authors comment that further research is needed before firm conclusions can be drawn.

Reduce or balance the bad effect of something, often by payment

Higher salaries alone do not fully compensate for the adverse working conditions reported by participants.

A part or element of a larger whole, especially of a machine or system

Critical thinking is a key component of the graduate attributes framework at this institution.

Permission for something to happen or agreement to do something

Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection.

Large in size, amount, or importance

A considerable body of evidence now supports the link between screen time and sleep disturbance.

Happening continuously over a period of time, or remaining the same

Temperature was held constant throughout the experiment to control for thermal variation.

Restrict the actions or development of someone or something

Budget limitations constrained the scope of the study, restricting the sample to a single region.

Give something, especially money or help, together with other people

Multiple factors contribute to the gender gap observed in STEM degree completions.

Come together for a formal meeting, or arrange such a meeting

An expert committee was convened to review the draft guidelines before their public release.

Make different things or people work together effectively

Partner organisations coordinated their responses to ensure a coherent and consistent approach.

The most important or central part of something

Language proficiency is a core competency assessed in the university admission process.

Relating to a large company or group

Corporate governance structures have come under increasing scrutiny following high-profile financial scandals.

Match or be similar to something else in some way

The observed pattern corresponds closely to predictions derived from the theoretical model.

Standards used for judging something or making a decision

Participants were included only if they met all five eligibility criteria specified in the protocol.

Reach a conclusion through careful reasoning from available facts

From the available evidence, it is possible to deduce that exposure began several years before diagnosis.

Show something clearly through evidence, reasoning, or example

The results demonstrate a clear dose-response relationship between exercise frequency and wellbeing scores.

Record something in detail, especially in writing or on film

The effects of air pollution on cognitive development have been documented across multiple populations.

Have power and influence over a situation, place, or person

Quantitative approaches continue to dominate the research literature on educational attainment.

Special importance, value, or focus placed on something

The report places particular emphasis on early intervention as a cost-effective public health strategy.

Make certain that something will occur or be the case

Random allocation was used to ensure that treatment and control groups were comparable at baseline.

Prevent someone or something from entering, being included, or participating

Studies with fewer than 50 participants were excluded from the meta-analysis on quality grounds.

A basic structure of ideas, rules, or beliefs that supports something more complex

The study adopts a social-ecological framework to analyse community responses to environmental change.

Provide money for a project, organisation, or event

The research was funded by a national grant council and had no commercial sponsors.

Show clearly the meaning or truth of something by example, picture, or diagram

Figure 3 illustrates the divergence between predicted and observed values across time.

Come to live permanently in a foreign country

Families who immigrate after primary school age often face additional language acquisition challenges.

Suggest something without saying it directly

These findings imply that current screening protocols may be insufficient for detecting early-stage disease.

Existing or occurring at the beginning of something

Initial results were encouraging, but later follow-up revealed a significant decline in effect size.

A particular case or example of something happening

In this instance, the qualitative data provided context that the survey could not capture.

Communicate with or have an effect on something or someone else

The two variables interact in complex ways that a simple linear model cannot adequately capture.

A flat thickness of a substance or material spread over a surface

The analysis adds a layer of complexity by incorporating longitudinal tracking across four time points.

A connection or relationship between two or more things

The study aims to establish a causal link between sleep deprivation and academic performance.

Find the exact position of someone or something, or be situated somewhere

Data collection sites were located in areas with high concentrations of the target population.

Make something as large or as great as possible

The sampling strategy was designed to maximise diversity across age, gender, and socioeconomic background.

Smaller, less important, or less serious than other things of the same type

Only minor differences were found between the experimental and control groups at follow-up.

Make something ineffective, or show that something is false

Effective mentoring can help to negate the disadvantage associated with lower socioeconomic background.

The final result of an action, situation, or process

Long-term health outcomes were measured at 12 and 24 months post-intervention.

A person who takes part with another or others in doing something

The project was delivered in partnership with three local government authorities and two charities.

A set of ideas or beliefs about something, or a system of thought

The study draws on a constructivist philosophy of knowledge that emphasises meaning-making over measurement.

Relating to the body rather than the mind or emotions, or to material objects

Physical activity levels were assessed using accelerometers worn continuously for seven days.

A part or share of something compared to the whole

A large proportion of the variance in test scores was explained by prior academic achievement.

Produce a book, magazine, or other written work for the public to read

The findings were published in a high-impact journal following peer review and two rounds of revision.

Respond to something that has happened or been said in a particular way

Participants who reacted most strongly to the initial stimulus showed the greatest long-term change.

Record information officially on a list or in a database

The trial was prospectively registered with a national clinical trials database prior to recruitment.

Depend on someone or something for help or support

Many studies rely on self-reported dietary intake, which may introduce some measurement error.

Take something or someone away from a place or position

Outliers were removed from the dataset before the final statistical analysis was conducted.

An organised plan that aims to achieve a particular result

A government-funded scheme was introduced to encourage small firms to invest in apprenticeship training.

A particular order in which things follow each other

The instructional sequence was designed to progress from foundational to advanced concepts across eight weeks.

Male or female, especially considered with reference to biological differences

Differences by sex were observed in reporting rates, with female participants more likely to disclose.

A change in position, direction, or attitude over time

A significant shift in public attitudes toward renewable energy has occurred over the past decade.

State or describe something clearly and exactly

The protocol did not specify the dosage threshold, leaving it to the clinical team's discretion.

Enough for a particular purpose, or as much as is needed

The sample size is sufficient to detect a medium effect size with 80% statistical power.

A piece of work to be done, especially as part of one's duties

The cognitive task required participants to recall a sequence of words presented on screen.

Relating to specialist knowledge or skills, especially in science or industry

Technical expertise in data analysis is increasingly required across all academic disciplines.

A particular method of doing an activity, usually one that requires skill

Multiple regression is the primary statistical technique used to control for confounding variables.

Machinery, equipment, and methods based on scientific knowledge

Advances in imaging technology have transformed the diagnosis of neurological conditions.

Based on reasonable evidence or sound reasoning

The instrument was tested to confirm that it produces valid and reliable measures across all subgroups.

A large amount of something, or the amount of space something contains

The sheer volume of published research on this topic makes a comprehensive review impractical.